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    Challenges in Defining the Terms "construct," "concept," and "variable" in Research and Presenting Appropriate Solutions for Their Identification

    ✍️ Ahmad Hedayat Panah Shaldehi / PhD in Mathematics, National University of Skills, Guilan Province, Dr. Moein Faculty, Rasht
    Tahereh Kheirkhah Sadegh / PhD in Geography, National University of Skills, Guilan Province, Dr. Moein Faculty, Rasht
    Mohammad Saeid Hedayatpanah Shaldehi / MA in Sports Management, National University of Skills, Guilan Province, Shahid Khodadadi Faculty, Anzali
    Marziyeh Hedayatpanah Shaldehi / MA in Information Technology, National University of Skills, Tehran Province, Vali-Asr (AJ) Faculty
    Badriyeh Hedayatpanah Shaldehi / MA in Quran and Hadith, General Department of Education of Guilan, Deputy of Education
    Pages: 47 - 72 Receive Date: 2026/07/01 Accept Date: 2026/07/01
    dor 20.1001.1.24235679.1403.15.1.3.0
    doi 10.22034/pajohesh.2025.5002400